THE INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZATION AND ROTATION IN WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM) CROP

Abstract

Wheat is a crop that efficiently uses chemical fertilizers with nitrogen and phosphorus, nitrogen being the chemical element that causes higher yield increases. The superiority of wheat yield achieved by using nitrogen is natural, considering that nitrogen represents the "pivot of fertilization", the decisive factor in increasing wheat yields, and phosphorus has a smaller effect. Following the conditions during September - August 2022-2023, the yield data obtained for autumn wheat at ARDS Turda are presented according to the fertilization level and the preceding plant. The results presented the effect of interactions and complementarity determined by NxP fertilization of wheat on vertical chernozem (pararendzinic cambic chernozem) from SCDA Turda. The Andrada wheat variety created by SCDA Turda was used. The factors taken in the analysis are: factor A: phosphorus doses applied entirely in autumn under the base plow with 5 gradations P0, P40, P80, P120, P160; factor B: nitrogen doses N0, N40, N80, N120, N160 for wheat grown after maize and N0, N30, N60, N90, N120 for wheat grown after soybean, applied fractionally 50% in the fall after the rising of the crop and 50% in the spring at the resumption in vegetation.