THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGES ON PRODUCTION IN THE AUTUMN AND SPRING OATS

Abstract

Globally, the yield of cereal crops is declining, as the variability of the weather each year indicates serious risks to cereal production. Oats are a crop adapted to be able to cope with low temperatures and high and low rainfall, thus indicating sowing delays to optimize the water content in the soil and the growing. In Romania, oats are  used as animal feed, especially in the diet of horses and sheep and increasingly suitable for human consumption. Comparative to  other cereals, oats are in seventh place, after important cereals such as wheat, corn and barley. Oat cultivation has upward trends due to increased mechanization and to genotypes that produce a quantity of grains relatively large per hectare. For the future, the improvement of oats has as general objective the acclimatization of new genotypes in accordance with the new environmental changes, more and more severe. This experience was conducted at A.R.D.S. Lovrin, Romania. Thus, we performed biometric counts for two genotypes Sorin autumn oats) and Lovrin 1  (spring oats). The counts were performed in the laboratory, and the samples for each variety are from 2020 and 2021. For each genotype, 30 plants were analyzed, which were then statistically interpreted. With the help of the obtained data we performed the analysis of the variation.  In order to estimate the most significant impact of the climatic factors on the production of  the two varieties, meteorological data from May were selected, both from 2020 and from 2021.. In May 2020, the temperature deviation between the monthly average and the multiannual monthly average was    -1^oC, and the temperature deviation in 2021 was -0.8^oC. There are no significant differences between the thermal factor results. In May 2021, the precipitation deviation between the monthly average and the multiannual monthlyaverage was -23.7 mm and the precipitation deviation in May 2021 was +1.4 mm.. In this experience, precipitation is the most imporant  climatic factor for the culture of autumn and spring oats. In conclusion, notes that the production in 2021 was superior to the production in 2020.